Integrated prelithiation and SEI engineering for high-performance silicon anodes in lithium-ion batteries

作者：Lijiao Quan, Qili Su, Haozhe Lei, Wenguang Zhang, Yingkang Deng, Jiarong He, Yong Lu, Zhe Li, Haijing Liu, Lidan Xing, Weishan Li · 发表于：National Science Review · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1093/nsr/nwaf084 · 被引用次数：46 · 研究领域：Advancements in Battery Materials、Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies、Inorganic Chemistry and Materials

Improving the initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) of silicon anodes in lithium-ion batteries is a key challenge for enhancing their performance. Traditional prelithiation methods, such as using lithium naphthalenide (Li-Naph), are limited by the low lithiation potential of crystalline silicon, making them less effective for commercial applications. This study demonstrates that amorphous silicon anodes, with a higher lithiation potential, can be effectively prelithiated using Li-Naph. This prelithiation process also forms a robust solid electrolyte interphase, which significantly enhances the anode's cycling stability and overall battery performance. The prelithiated silicon anodes achieved a remarkable ICE improvement from 74.8% to 97.2% in full-cell tests. Furthermore, 27 mAh pouch cells exhibited excellent long-cycle stability and low-temperature performance, retaining 90.1% of their capacity after 800 cycles at 1 C. These findings highlight the potential for scalable prelithiation methods and open new avenues for advancing silicon anode technology in next-generation batteries.