Interoperability for ecosystem service assessments: Why, how, who, and for whom?

作者：Kenneth J. Bagstad, Stefano Balbi, Greta Adamo, Ioannis N. Athanasiadis, Flavio Affinito, Simon Willcock, Ainhoa Magrach, Kiichiro Hayashi, Zuzana V. Harmáčková, Aidin Niamir, Bruno Smets, Marcel Buchhorn, Evangelia G. Drakou, Alessandra Alfieri, Bram Edens, Luis Morales-Salinas, Ágnes Vári, María José Sanz, Ferdinando Villa · 发表于：Ecosystem Services · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.ecoser.2025.101705 · 被引用次数：14 · 研究领域：Land Use and Ecosystem Services、Species Distribution and Climate Change、Sustainable Agricultural Systems Analysis

• The ability to coordinate independently contributed science is critical for the future of ES. • A lack of interoperability substantially hinders global progress toward ES monitoring. • Interoperability requires not-yet-widely-embraced shared semantic conventions. • Machine-actionable, semantically enriched data & models support interoperability. • Greater collaboration by individuals & organizations needed to achieve these benefits. Despite continued, rapid growth in the literature, the fragmentation of information is a major barrier to more timely and credible ecosystem services (ES) assessments. A major reason for this fragmentation is the currently limited state of interoperability of ES data, models, and software. The FAIR Principles, a recent reformulation of long-standing open science goals, highlight the importance of making scientific knowledge Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable . Critically, FAIR aims to make science more transparent and transferable by both people and computers . However, it is easier to make data and models findable and accessible through data and code repositories than to achieve interoperability and reusability. Achieving interoperability will require more consistent adherence to current technical best practices and, more critically, to build consensus about and consistently use semantics that can represent ES-relevant phenomena. Building on recent examples from major international initiatives for ES (IPBES, SEEA, GEO BON), we il...