Functional composition of the Amazonian tree flora and forests

作者：Hans ter Steege, Lourens Poorter, Jesús Aguirre‐Gutiérrez, Claire Fortunel, William E. Magnusson, Oliver L. Phillips, Edwin Pos, Bruno Garcia Luize, Christopher Baraloto, Juan Ernesto Guevara, María‐José Endara, Timothy R. Baker, María Natalia Umaña, Masha T. van der Sande, Maihyra Marina Pombo, Matt S. McGlone, Frederick C. Draper, Iêda Leão do Amaral, Luiz de Souza Coêlho, Florian Wittmann, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, Diógenes de Andrade Lima Filho, Rafael P. Salomão, Carolina V. Castilho, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim, María Teresa Fernández Piedade, Daniel Sabatier, Jean‐François Molino, Layon Oreste Demarchi, Juan David Cardenas Revilla, Jochen Schöngart, Mariana Victória Irume, Maria Pires Martins, José Renan da Silva Guimarães, José Ferreira Ramos, Olaf Bánki, Adriano Costa Quaresma, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Carlos A. Peres, Domingos de Jesus Rodrigues, Joseph E. Hawes, Everton José Almeida, Luciane Ferreira Barbosa, Larissa Cavalheiro, Márcia Cléia Vilela dos Santos, Evlyn Márcia Leão de Moraes Novo, Percy Núñez Vargas, Thiago Sanna Freire Silva, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, Ângelo Gilberto Manzatto, Neidiane Farias Costa Reis, John Terborgh, Katia Regina Casula, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Juan Carlos Montero, Cíntia Rodrigues de Souza, M. V. N. d'. Oliveira, Flávia R. C. Costa, Julien Engel, Ted R. Feldpausch, Nicolás Castaño Arboleda, Flávia Machado Durgante, Charles Eugene Zartman, Timothy J. Killeen, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Ben Hur Marimon, Rodolfo Vásquez, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Rafael L. Assis, Dário Dantas do Amaral, Hernán Castellanos, John Ethan Householder, Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros, Marcelo Fragomeni Simon, Ana Andrade, José Luís Camargo, Susan G. W. Laurance, William F. Laurance, Lorena Maniguaje Rincón, Gisele Biem Mori, Juliana Schietti, Thaiane R. Sousa, Emanuelle de Sousa Farias, Maria Aparecida Lopes, José Leonardo Lima Magalhães, Henrique Eduardo Mendonça Nascimento, Helder Lima de Queiroz, Caroline da Cruz Vasconcelos, Gerardo A. Aymard C., Roel Brienen, Pâmella Leite de Sousa Assis, Darlene Gris, Karoline Aparecida Félix Ribeiro, Pablo R. Stevenson, Alejandro Araujo‐Murakami, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, Yuri Oliveira Feitosa, Hugo F. Mogollón, Miles R. Silman, Leandro Valle Ferreira, José Rafael Lozada, James A. Comiskey, José Júlio de Toledo, Gabriel Damasco, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, Aline Lopes, M. J. Gómez Paredes, Alberto Vicentini, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Alfonso Alonso, Luzmila Arroyo, Francisco Dallmeier, Vitor H. F. Gomes, William Nauray Huari, David Neill, María Cristina Peñuela Mora, Daniel P. P. de Aguiar, Flávia Rodrigues Barbosa, Yennie K. Bredin, Rainiellen de Sá Carpanedo, Fernanda Antunes Carvalho, Fernanda Coelho de Souza, Kenneth J. Feeley, Rogério Gribel, Torbjørn Haugaasen, Janaína Costa Noronha, Marcelo Petratti Pansonato, John J. Pipoly, Jos Barlow, Érika Berenguer, Izaias Brasil da Silva, Joice Ferreira, Maria Julia Ferreira, Paul V. A. Fine, Marcelino Carneiro Guedes, Carolina Levis, Juan Carlos Licona, Boris Eduardo Villa Zegarra, Vincent Antoine Vos, Carlos Cerón, Émile Fonty, Terry W. Henkel, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Marcos Silveira, Juliana Stropp, Raquel Thomas, Doug Daly, Kyle G. Dexter, William Milliken, Guido Pardo Molina, R. Toby Pennington, Bianca Weiss Albuquerque, Wegliane Campelo, Alfredo Fuentes Claros, Bente Klitgaard, José Luís Marcelo Peña, Luis Torres Montenegro, J. Sebastián Tello, Corine Vriesendorp, Jérôme Chave, Anthony Di Fiore, Renato Richard Hilário, Luciana de Oliveira Pereira, Juan Fernando Phillips, Gonzalo Rivas‐Torres, Tinde van Andel, Patricio von Hildebrand, William Balée, Edelcílio Marques Barbosa, Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates, Hilda Paulette Dávila Doza, Ricardo Zárate Gómez, George Pepe Gallardo Gonzales, Therany Gonzales, Bruce Hoffman, André Braga Junqueira, Yadvinder Malhi, Íres Paula de Andrade Miranda, Linder Felipe Mozombite Pinto, Adriana Prieto, Agustín Rudas, Ademir Roberto Ruschel, Natalino Silva, César I. A. Vela, Eglée L. Zent, Stanford Zent, Ángela Cano, Yrma Andreina Carrero Márquez, Diego F. Correa, Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa Costa, Bernardo M. Flores, David Galbraith, Milena Holmgren, Michelle Kalamandeen, Guilherme Lobo, Tony Mori Vargas, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Alexandre A. Oliveira, Hirma Ramírez‐Angulo, Maira Rocha, Veridiana Vizoni Scudeller, Geertje van der Heijden, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Cláudia Baider, Henrik Balslev, Sasha Cárdenas, Luisa Fernanda Casas, William Farfán-Rios, Reynaldo Linares‐Palomino, Casimiro Mendoza, Italo Mesones, Germaine Alexander Parada, Armando Torres-Lezama, Daniel Villarroel, Roderick Zagt, Miguel N. Alexiades, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, Riley P. Fortier, Karina García‐Cabrera, Lionel Hernández, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Susamar Pansini, Daniela Pauletto, Freddy Ramírez Arévalo, Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Aurora Levesley, Georgia Pickavance · 发表于：Communications Biology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1038/s42003-025-07768-8 · 被引用次数：18 · 研究领域：Plant and animal studies、Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies、Plant Diversity and Evolution

Plants cope with the environment by displaying large phenotypic variation. Two spectra of global plant form and function have been identified: a size spectrum from small to tall species with increasing stem tissue density, leaf size, and seed mass; a leaf economics spectrum reflecting slow to fast returns on investments in leaf nutrients and carbon. When species assemble to communities it is assumed that these spectra are filtered by the environment to produce community level functional composition. It is unknown what are the main drivers for community functional composition in a large area such as Amazonia. We use 13 functional traits, including wood density, seed mass, leaf characteristics, breeding system, nectar production, fruit type, and root characteristics of 812 tree genera (5211 species), and find that they describe two main axes found at the global scale. At community level, the first axis captures not only the ‘fast-slow spectrum’, but also most size-related traits. Climate and disturbance explain a minor part of this variance compared to soil fertility. Forests on poor soils differ largely in terms of trait values from those on rich soils. Trait composition and soil fertility exert a strong influence on forest functioning: biomass and relative biomass production. Using 13 functional traits we characterize the Amazonian trees and the communities they form. Amazonian tree communities are distributed along a fast-slow-spectrum. This results in clear differences in t...