Predictive factors of incidental prostate cancer in patients undergoing surgery for presumed benign prostatic hyperplasia: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

作者：Yang Wang, Xiancheng Li, Hua Yang, Chaoshan Yin, Yameng Wu, Xiaoke Chen · 发表于：Frontiers in Oncology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3389/fonc.2025.1561675 · 被引用次数：8 · 研究领域：Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment、Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research、Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research

Purpose We aimed to identify the clinical predictors of incidental prostate cancer (IPCa) after surgery for presumed benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods The literature was comprehensively searched using PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases in December 2024. We used pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) and odds ratio (OR) to describe the correlation between relevant risk factors and IPCa. Results Twenty-one studies included 10,842 patients that were available for further analysis. After BPH surgery, 957 patients were histopathologically diagnosed with IPCa. The IPCa rate was 8.83%. Most importantly, our results identified that IPCa was significantly associated with age (pooled SMD = 0.36, P < 0.001), body mass index (BMI) (pooled SMD = 0.23, P < 0.001), preoperative prostate-specific antigen (pre-PSA) (pooled SMD = 0.43, P < 0.001), preoperative prostate-specific antigen density (pre-PSAD) (pooled SMD = 0.62, P = 0.028), resected prostate weight (pooled SMD = -0.22, P < 0.001), preoperative treatment with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5αRIs) (yes/no) (pooled OR = 0.60, P < 0.001), family history (yes/no) (pooled OR = 3.81, P = 0.029), digital rectal examination (DRE) findings (abnormal/normal) (pooled OR = 5.15, P < 0.001), and transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) findings (abnormal/normal) (pooled OR = 2.92, P < 0.001). Additionally, sensitivity and subgroup analyses indicated that our findings were...