Multinational modelling of PM2.5 and CO exposures from household air pollution in peri-urban Cameroon, Ghana and Kenya

作者：H Williams, Miranda Baame, Federico Lorenzetti, Judith Mangeni, Emily Nix, Emmanuel Betang, Ryan Chartier, Edna Sang, Daniel Wilson, Theresa Tawiah, Reginald Quansah, Elisa Puzzolo, Diana Menya, Bertrand Hugo Mbatchou Ngahane, Daniel Pope, Kwaku Poku Asante, Matthew Shupler · 发表于：Scientific Reports · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1038/s41598-024-81413-y · 被引用次数：13 · 研究领域：Energy and Environment Impacts、Air Quality and Health Impacts、COVID-19 impact on air quality

Abstract In sub-Saharan Africa, approximately 85% of the population uses polluting cooking fuels (e.g. wood, charcoal). Incomplete combustion of these fuels generates household air pollution (HAP), containing fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and carbon monoxide (CO). Due to large spatial variability, increased quantification of HAP levels is needed to improve exposure assessment in sub-Saharan Africa. The CLEAN-Air(Africa) study included 24-h monitoring of PM 2.5 and CO kitchen concentrations (n pm2.5 = 248/n CO = 207) and female primary cook exposures (n pm2.5 = 245/n CO = 222) in peri-urban households in Obuasi (Ghana), Mbalmayo (Cameroon) and Eldoret (Kenya). HAP measurements were combined with survey data on cooking patterns, socioeconomic characteristics and ambient exposure proxies (e.g. walking time to nearest road) in separate PM 2.5 and CO mixed-effect log-linear regression models. Model coefficients were applied to a larger study population (n = 937) with only survey data to quantitatively scale up PM 2.5 and CO exposures. The final models moderately explained variation in mean 24-h PM 2.5 (R 2 = 0.40) and CO (R 2 = 0.26) kitchen concentration measurements, and PM 2.5 (R 2 = 0.27) and CO (R 2 = 0.14) female cook exposures. Primary/secondary cooking fuel type was the only significant predictor in all four models. Other significant predictors of PM 2.5 and CO kitchen concentrations were cooking location and household size; household financial security and rental stat...