Clinical Characteristics Analysis of 30 Cases of Interferon-γ Autoantibody-Positive Patients with Concurrent Mycobacterial Infection: A 6-Year Retrospective Study

作者：Chunyan Zhao, Chang Song, Huawei He, Xianzhen Huang, Xia-Yan Meng, Ai-Chun Huang, Chaoyan Xu, Lili Luo, Shao-Yong Xi, Yan-Qun Lan, Weiwen Li, Yan-Rong Lin, Qingdong Zhu · 发表于：Infection and Drug Resistance · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.2147/idr.s493956 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Mycobacterium research and diagnosis、Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders、Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate and elucidate the clinical characteristics, immune status, infection types and patterns, treatment responses, and disease progression in patients with positive anti-interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) autoantibodies in combination with Mycobacterium infections. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from patients with positive anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies and concurrent Mycobacterial infections, including Mycobacterial infections (MTB) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). The study included cases treated at the Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning, Guangxi, from 2018 to 2023. Data collected comprised symptoms, clinical signs, laboratory test results, imaging findings, and other relevant clinical information. Patients were also followed up to evaluate treatment responses and long-term therapeutic outcomes. Results: A total of 30 patients with MTB and NTM infections were analyzed. The majority presented with common symptoms, such as cough, sputum production, weight loss, extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB), and a range of opportunistic infections. Laboratory and imaging studies revealed complex infection patterns and various pathological changes. Treatment primarily involved targeted anti-infective therapy combined with immunosupportive measures. However, frequent treatment relapses and side effects were observed, resulting in two deaths. Conclusion: Immune deficiency associated with positive anti-IFN-γ autoantibod...