Drug resistance mutations to integrase inhibitors, proteinase, and reverse transcriptase inhibitors in newly diagnosed HIV-1 infections in Hebei province, China, 2018–2022

作者：Xinli Lu, Yan Li, Meng Liu, Yingying Wang, Ning An, Dandan Sun, Qi Li · 发表于：Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3389/fcimb.2025.1510916 · 被引用次数：9 · 研究领域：HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment、Biological Research and Disease Studies、HIV Research and Treatment

Background: HIV-1 protease (PR)-reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors as national free antiretroviral drugs have been used for 20 years. Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) have been conditionally used as a component of HIV/AIDS treatment regimens in recent years. However, the systematic investigation on the changes in primary drug resistance (PDR) in Hebei province, China was limited. Methods: A continuous cross-sectional investigation on HIV-1 PDR was conducted, integrating detection of drug resistance genotype, molecular network, and statistical analysis. Results: The overall prevalence of PDR was 8.3%, with 77 of 925 samples showing different levels of resistance to INSTIs (1.9%), protease inhibitors (PIs, 0.2%), nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs, 1.2%), and non-NRTIs (NNRTIs, 5.2%). In the PR-RT gene coding region, E138EK/G was the most common (1.6%), followed by K103N (1.4%), G190GE/A/S (0.6%), K101E (0.5%), A98G (0.4%), and T215I/TS (0.3%), associated with the low- to high-level resistance to doravirine (DOR), efavirenz (EFV), etravirine (ETR), nevirapine (NVP), rilpivirine (RPV), and zidovudine (AZT). In the INSTI gene coding region, six mutations were identified, namely, four major mutations (P145PS, Q148QH, Y143S, and T66A) and two accessory mutations (S153SF and G163GRS/EK). Of these mutations, the most frequent INSTI mutations were S153SF (0.6%) and G163GRS/EK (0.6%), followed by P145PS (0.2%), Y143S (0.2%), Q148QH (0.1%), and T66A (0.1%...