China's greenhouse gas budget during 2000–2023

作者：Wenping Yuan, Minqi Liang, Yuanyi Gao, Ling Huang, Dan Li, Hongtao Duan, Songbai Hong, Fei Jiang, Weimin Ju, Tingting Li, Ziyang Lou, Shilong Luan, Xiaoxia Lü, Zhangcai Qin, Lishan Ran, Lulu Shen, Fei Teng, Xiangjun Tian, Yilong Wang, Jing Wei, Jiangzhou Xia, Xiaosheng Xia, Lijun Yu, Xu Yue, Haicheng Zhang, Wen Zhang, Yuzhong Zhang, Xu Zhao, Qiuan Zhu, Shilong Piao, Xuhui Wang · 发表于：National Science Review · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1093/nsr/nwaf069 · 被引用次数：24 · 研究领域：Geochemistry and Geochronology of Asian Mineral Deposits

ABSTRACT National greenhouse gas (GHG) budget, including CO2, CH4 and N2O has increasingly become a topic of concern in international climate governance. China is paying increasing attention to reducing GHG emissions and increasing land sinks to effectively mitigate climate change. Accurate estimates of GHG fluxes are crucial for monitoring progress toward mitigating GHG emissions in China. This study used comprehensive methods, including emission factor methods, process-based models, atmospheric inversions, and data-driven models, to estimate the long-term trends of GHG sources and sinks from all anthropogenic and natural sectors in China's mainland during 2000–2023, and produced an up-to-date China GHG Budget dataset (CNGHG). The total gross emissions of the three GHGs show a 3-fold increase from 5.0 (95% CI: 4.9–5.1) Gt CO2-eq yr−1 (in 2000) to 14.3 (95% CI: 13.8–14.8) Gt CO2-eq yr−1 (in 2023). CO2 emissions represented 81.8% of the GHG emissions in 2023, while 12.7% and 5.5% were for CH4 and N2O, respectively. As the largest CO2 source, the energy sector contributed 87.4% CO2 emissions. In contrast, the agriculture, forestry and other land use sector was the largest sector of CH4 and N2O, representing 50.1% and 66.3% emissions, respectively. Moreover, China's terrestrial ecosystems serve as a net CO2 sink (1.0 Gt CO2 yr−1, 95% CI: 0.2–1.9 Gt CO2 yr−1) during 2012 to 2021, equivalent to an average of 14.3% of fossil CO2 emissions. Our GHG emission estimates showed a genera...