Biomaterials for neuroengineering: applications and challenges

作者：Huanghui Wu, E.J. Feng, Huazong Yin, Yuxin Zhang, Guozhong Chen, Beier Zhu, Xuezheng Yue, Haiguang Zhang, Qiong Liu, Lize Xiong · 发表于：Regenerative Biomaterials · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1093/rb/rbae137 · 被引用次数：23 · 研究领域：Neuroscience and Neural Engineering、3D Printing in Biomedical Research、Pluripotent Stem Cells Research

Neurological injuries and diseases are a leading cause of disability worldwide, underscoring the urgent need for effective therapies. Neural regaining and enhancement therapies are seen as the most promising strategies for restoring neural function, offering hope for individuals affected by these conditions. Despite their promise, the path from animal research to clinical application is fraught with challenges. Neuroengineering, particularly through the use of biomaterials, has emerged as a key field that is paving the way for innovative solutions to these challenges. It seeks to understand and treat neurological disorders, unravel the nature of consciousness, and explore the mechanisms of memory and the brain's relationship with behavior, offering solutions for neural tissue engineering, neural interfaces and targeted drug delivery systems. These biomaterials, including both natural and synthetic types, are designed to replicate the cellular environment of the brain, thereby facilitating neural repair. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview for biomaterials in neuroengineering, highlighting their application in neural functional regaining and enhancement across both basic research and clinical practice. It covers recent developments in biomaterial-based products, including 2D to 3D bioprinted scaffolds for cell and organoid culture, brain-on-a-chip systems, biomimetic electrodes and brain-computer interfaces. It also explores artificial synapses and neural netw...