Optimization-Inspired Graph Neural Network for Cellular Network Optimization

作者：Pengcheng He, Yijia Tang, Fan Xu, Qingjiang Shi · 发表于：IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1109/tmc.2025.3542434 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization

The rapid development of wireless communications has driven the need for careful optimization of network parameters to improve network performance and reduce operational cost. Traditional methods, however, struggle with the vast number of tunable parameters and lack scalability in diverse network scenarios. To address these challenges, this paper introduces an optimization-inspired bipartite graph neural network (Bi-GNN) approach for scalable network optimization. Our approach leverages the bipartite structure of network topologies, and incorporates a message-passing mechanism by unfolding the Zeroth-Order Block Coordinate Projected Gradient Descent (ZO-BCPGD) algorithm, which ensures not only high-performance optimization but also manageable computational demand. We demonstrate the permutation and dimensionality equivariance property of the Bi-GNN, which significantly enhances the model’s generalizability across various network structures and sizes. Furthermore, we theoretically analyze the expressive power and generalization ability of the Bi-GNN, demonstrating its adeptness at complex network optimization tasks. The training process, parallel execution, and practical implementation techniques are also discussed to ensure the model’s applicability in real-world scenarios. Numerical results verify that the Bi-GNN outperforms existing methods in both coverage ratios and computational cost. Furthermore, our approach exhibits robust scalability across various network scenarios,...