Laser wavelength extension beyond 1.1 μm in Nd:MgO:LiNbO 3 crystal by utilizing the Stark splitting of multiple Nd 3+ -doping sites

作者：Chen Xu, Huaize Qin, Fulei Wang, Dongzhou Wang, Qilu Liu, Yanling Cheng, Fei Liang, Yuanhua Sang, Haohai Yu, Hong Liu, Huaijin Zhang · 发表于：Optics Express · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1364/oe.555269 · 被引用次数：6 · 研究领域：Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics、Solid State Laser Technologies、Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies

Lithium niobate crystal is an important multifunctional material and the miniaturization of the integrated on-chip LiNbO 3 laser device has attracted the increased attention in optoelectronic systems. Especially in the field of quantum information, rare-earth doped LiNbO 3 ( e.g. Nd:LiNbO 3 ) crystal become one of the optimal choice for the active devices and laser generation. However, at present, Nd:LiNbO 3 crystal suffers from low conversion efficiency and the limited lasing wavelength due to the discrete Stark energy levels of Nd 3+ ion. Herein, we proposed a multiple-site doping strategy to enrich the Stark splitting levels of Nd:LiNbO 3 laser crystals. Benefitting from the strong inhomogeneous and homogeneous broadening effect, a broad fluorescence emission beyond 1.1 μm was realized in Nd:MgO:LiNbO 3 crystal. Via a rational cavity design to suppress the lasing oscillation at 1.07-1.09 μm and amplify the weak fluorescence at long wavelength, we successfully achieved the efficient continuous-wave lasing at 1104 nm, 1108 nm, 1111 nm, and 1114 nm, respectively, corresponding to the electronic transitions (R 1 →Y 4 , Y 5 , Y 6 ) at two different Nd 3+ sites. The highest laser power at 1.1 μm was 1.41 W with a slope efficiency of 20.6%. Moreover, a tunable laser generation from 1103 to 1115 nm was also realized in Nd:MgO:LiNbO 3 for the first time. To the best of our knowledge, this result represents the first Nd:MgO:LiNbO 3 laser operating beyond 1.1 μm, indicating its great...