Long-term trends in the burden of asthma in China: a joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort analysis based on the GBD 2021

作者：Na Li, Yuhan Xu, Xinru Xiao, Ziqi Ding, Chuang Sun, Qian Zhang · 发表于：Respiratory Research · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1186/s12931-025-03135-7 · 被引用次数：23 · 研究领域：Asthma and respiratory diseases、Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention、Delphi Technique in Research

BACKGROUND: To develop effective strategies for controlling asthma, a thorough assessment of its disease burden is essential. In this study, we examined long-term trends in the asthma burden in China over the past three decades and analyzed its epidemiological features. METHODS: We assessed the burden of asthma in China via the global burden of disease (GBD) 2021 database, focusing on prevalence, incidence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Additionally, we employed joinpoint analysis and age-period-cohort (apc) methods to interpret the epidemiological characteristics of asthma. Finally, we analyzed the attributable burden of asthma to gain a comprehensive understanding of its impact. RESULTS: The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and mortality rate (ASMR) for both sexes in China shifted from 524.81 (95% UI: 421.31, 672.76) to 314.17 (95% UI: 283.22, 494.10) and from 5.82 (95% UI: 4.46, 8.50) to 1.47 (95% UI: 1.15, 1.79) per 100,000 population between 1990 and 2021. According to joinpoint analysis, the average annual percentage change (AAPC) in the age-standardized incidence rate was - 1.2 (95% CI: - 1.4, - 1.1), indicating a gradual but fluctuating decline (with significant turning points in 2005 and 2014). The apc fitting results suggest that the prevalence is now lower than it was in the past and that the relative prevalence risk is high among adolescents and middle-aged to elderly ind...