Serum surfactant protein D as a significant biomarker for predicting occurrence, progression, acute exacerbation, and mortality in interstitial lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

作者：Xing He, Jiaqi Ji, Dan Zheng, Zeli Luo, Linjie Luo, Lu Guo · 发表于：Frontiers in Immunology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3389/fimmu.2025.1450798 · 被引用次数：12 · 研究领域：Neonatal Respiratory Health Research、Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis、Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research

Objective: Serum surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a potential biomarker for the non-invasive prediction of interstitial lung disease (ILD) status. However, previous studies lacked comprehensively qualitative and quantitative pooled analysis methods to summarize the relationship between SP-D and ILD. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Ovid, and Cochrane Library, up to 16 December 2023. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was employed to evaluate the quality of each included study. Pooled analyses were primarily performed for weighted mean difference (WMD), odds ratio (OR), and hazard ratio (HR). Sensitivity analysis was conducted by sequentially eliminating one study at a time and reanalyzing the remaining studies. In addition, the trim-and-fill method was applied for correcting publication bias. Results: More than 3,561 patients with ILD from 41 articles were included for pooled analysis. The pooled results showed that serum SP-D levels were higher in the ILD group than the control group (WMD = 120.24 ng/mL, 95% CI: 72.45-168.03, p<0.001). Additionally, SP-D levels among patients with ILD were significantly elevated in the acute exacerbation (AE) group compared with the non-AE group (WMD = 9.88 ng/mL, 95% CI: 2.64-17.12, p=0.008), and in the death group compared with the survival group (WMD = 32.98 ng/mL, 95% CI: 2.11-63.84, p=0.036). However, no significant difference was observed between the progressi...