Search for the Anomalous Events Detected by ANITA Using the Pierre Auger Observatory

作者：A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, Kévin Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, Roberto Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, Juan Ammerman Yebra, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, Paulo Ricardo Araújo Ferreira, E. Arnone, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, P. Assis, G. Ávila, Emanuele Avocone, Alena Bakalová, F. Barbato, Adriel Bartz Mocellin, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, Gopal Bhatta, Marta Bianciotto, P. L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, Teresa Bister, Jonathan Biteau, Jiří Blažek, C. Bleve, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, Denise Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, Nataliia Borodai, J. Brack, P. G. Brichetto Orchera, F. L. Briechle, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, Anthony Bwembya, K. S. Caballero‐Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, F. Campuzano, I. Caracas, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, A. Cermenati, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R. W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, M.R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, Marcelo Conte, Fabio Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, Pedro J. Costa, C. E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, Carlo Salvattore Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de Almeida, J. de Jesús, S. J. de Jong, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, Danelise de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, Beatriz de Errico, E. De Vito, Antonino Del Popolo, Olivier Deligny, N. Denner, L. Deval, Armando di Matteo, M. Dobre, C. Dobrigkeit, Juan Carlos D’Olivo, Luis Miguel Domingues Mendes, Qader Dorosti, J. C. dos Anjos, R. C. dos Anjos, Jan Ebr, Fiona H. Ellwanger, M. Emam, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, Carmelo Evoli, H. Falcke, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, Armando Fernandes, Brian Fick, J.M. Figueira, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, Benjamin Flaggs, T. Fodran, Toshihiro Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, C. Galelli, B. Garćıa, Chloé Gaudu, H. Gemmeke, F. Gesualdi, A. Gherghel‐Lascu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, Jonas Glombitza, Fabian Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, Juan Manuel González, N. González, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, T. D. Grubb, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, E. Guido, Lukas Gülzow, Steffen Hahn, P. Hamal, M. R. Hampel, P. H. Hansen, Diego Harari, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, J. R. Hörandel, Pavel Horváth, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, Paula Gina Isar, P. Janecek, Vlastimil Jílek, J. A. Johnsen, J. Jurysek, K.‐H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, Varada Varma Kizakke Covilakam, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, F. Knapp, J. Köhler, N. Kunka, B. L. Lago, Niklas Langner, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Yago Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry‐Yvon, L. Lopes, L. Lu, Quentin Luce, Jon Paul Lundquist, A. Machado Payeras, M. Majercakova, Dušan Mandát, Bradley C. Manning, P. Mantsch, F. M. Mariani, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, O. Martínez Bravo, Miguel A. Martins, Massimo Mastrodicasa, H.-J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, Eric William Mayotte, Sonja Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, Jill Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, Carmen Merx, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, Leonel Morejón, C. Morello, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W. M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, Khoa Nguyen, Gabriela Nicora, Marcus Niechciol, D. Nitz, Dalibor Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, Achille Nucita, Luis A. Núñez, C. Oliveira, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, Subhash Chandra Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, Jan Pękala, R. Pelayo, Luiz Augusto Pereira, E. E. Pereira Martins, J. Perez Armand, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pothast, Mohsen Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, João Vítor Reginatto Akim, M. Reininghaus, J. Řídký, Felix Riehn, Markus Risse, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, E. Rodrı́guez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M. J. Roncoroni, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, P. Ruehl, A. Sǎftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, Jose Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, Ricardo Sato, P. Savina, C. M. Schäfer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, Martin Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, Frank Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S.J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, Adrian Sedoski, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S. U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, G. Silli, O. Sima, Katarína Simkova, F. Simon, Raluca Smău, Radomir Šmída, P. Sommers, Jorge F. Soriano, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, Jarosław Stasielak, Patrick Stassi, S. Strähnz, M. Straub, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, Zuzana Svozilikova, Z. Szadkowski, Fedor Tairli, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, Carlos J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, Z. Torrès, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, C. Trimarelli, Matias Jorge Tueros, M. Unger, Lukáš Vaclavek, Martin Vacula, Jose F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, Enrique Varela, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, Cynthia Ventura, I. D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vícha, Jacco Vink, S. Vorobiov, C. Watanabe, A. A. Watson, A. Weindl, Lawrence Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, Bin Yue, A. Yushkov, Orazio Zapparrata, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik, R. Prechelt, A. Romero‐Wolf, Stephanie Wissel, Andrew Zeolla · 发表于：Physical Review Letters · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1103/physrevlett.134.121003 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena、Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies、Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena

A dedicated search for upward-going air showers at zenith angles exceeding 110° and energies E>0.1 EeV has been performed using the Fluorescence Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The search is motivated by two "anomalous" radio pulses observed by the ANITA flights I and III that appear inconsistent with the standard model of particle physics. Using simulations of both regular cosmic-ray showers and upward-going events, a selection procedure has been defined to separate potential upward-going candidate events and the corresponding exposure has been calculated in the energy range [0.1-33] EeV. One event has been found in the search period between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2018, consistent with an expected background of 0.27±0.12 events from misreconstructed cosmic-ray showers. This translates to an upper bound on the integral flux of (7.2±0.2)×10^{-21} cm^{-2} sr^{-1} y^{-1} and (3.6±0.2)×10^{-20} cm^{-2} sr^{-1} y^{-1} for an E^{-1} and E^{-2} spectrum, respectively. An upward-going flux of showers normalized to the ANITA observations is shown to predict over 34 events for an E^{-3} spectrum and over 8.1 events for a conservative E^{-5} spectrum, in strong disagreement with the interpretation of the anomalous events as upward-going showers.