Expression of synaptic proteins and development of dendritic spines in fetal and postnatal neocortex of the pig, the European wild boar Sus scrofa

作者：Eric Sobierajski, Katrin Czubay, Marc-André R. Schmidt, Sebastian Wiedenski, Sarah Rettschlag, Christa Beemelmans, Christoph Beemelmans, Petra Wahle · 发表于：Brain Structure and Function · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1007/s00429-025-02900-0 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research、Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms、Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling

Synapse formation is a critical step in neuronal development. Current knowledge is largely based on altricial rodents where synapse formation and maturation proceed largely postnatally. In precocially born mammals such as guinea pig presynapse and spine formation start well before birth. Here, we analysed the developmental expression of proteins associated with synapse formation and maturation together with the development of basal dendritic spines of pyramidal neurons of visual and somatosensory cortex of the pig, an emerging translational model for human neurodegenerative disorders. A total of 23 selected proteins was quantified with Western blots. Most were detectable from midgestation embryonal day (E) 65 onwards. About half reached the expression level seen at postnatal day (P) 90 pig already two weeks before birth (gestation 114 days) in somatosensory, albeit not yet in visual cortex. For instance, major molecular components of synaptic plasticity such as GluN2B, CamKIIα, α-actinin-2, synaptopodin and T286 phosphorylated CamKIIα were expressed at E100 in somatosensory cortex. Dendritic spine type quantification with DiI-labeled material revealed an increase of total dendritic protrusions from E70 onwards. The increase was steepest in somatosensory cortex which had, at E110, a proportion of mushroom spines equal to the proportion present at P90. Together, matching the ungulate life history, a rapid development of functional synaptic connectivity in prenatal somatosensory...