Development and Characterization of a Hydrogel Containing Chloramphenicol-Loaded Binary Ethosomes for Effective Transdermal Permeation and Treatment Acne in Rat Model

作者：Rong Liu, Miao Li, Qian Zhu, Hui Liu, Xing xiu Zhang, Xiang Han, Miao Yu, Jian wen Zhou, Cui yan Han · 发表于：International Journal of Nanomedicine · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.2147/ijn.s476937 · 被引用次数：10 · 研究领域：Acne and Rosacea Treatments and Effects、Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery、melanin and skin pigmentation

Purpose: Acne is a serious disfiguring follicular sebaceous gland disorder that negatively affects patients’ quality of life and self-image. Chloramphenicol (CAM) is effective against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus which cause acne, often used as a hospital preparation for acne treatment. However, because of its toxicity and poor water solubility, its use has been restricted. To overcome these limitations, the study focused on developing CAM-loaded binary ethosomes (CAM-BE) and incorporating them into a hydrogel system for transdermal delivery. Methods: CAM-BE were prepared and characterized. Following incorporation of the selected formulation into the hydrogel, the formulation’s skin-interaction was evaluated using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Furthermore, a rat ear acne model was used to evaluate the formulation’s in vivo anti-inflammatory efficacy and ex vivo skin permeability. Results: The optimal formulation contained ethanol/propylene glycol ratios of 3:7 (w/w), exhibited particle size was 97.68 ± 4.9 nm, zeta-potential was − 23.5 ± 1.3 mV, and encapsulation efficiency was 60.36 ± 2.12%. The BE hydrogel that was created showed persistent drug release. Additionally, it demonstrated an enhanced flow of 4.374 ± 0.12 μg/cm 2 /hour, permeability coefficient was 3.65 ± 0.09 cm/h× 10 − 3 , and apparent skin deposition was 17.77 ± 1.13 μg/cm 2 . CLSM and ATR-FTIR ...