Differences in EEG complexity of cognitive activities among subtypes of schizophrenia

作者：Hang Qi, Jilin Zou, Zai‐Fu Yao, Gaofeng Zhao, Jing Zhang, Chunlei Liu, Min Chen · 发表于：Frontiers in Psychiatry · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1473693 · 被引用次数：8 · 研究领域：Cognitive Functions and Memory、Functional Brain Connectivity Studies、Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

Introduction: The neural mechanisms that underpin cognitive impairments in patients with schizophrenia remain unclear. Previous studies have typically treated patients as a homogeneous group, despite the existence of distinct symptom presentations between deficit and non-deficit subtypes. This approach has been found to be inadequate, necessitating separate investigation. Methods: This study was conducted at Daizhuang Hospital in Jining City, China, from January 2022 to October 2023. The study sample comprised 30 healthy controls, 19 patients with deficit schizophrenia, and 19 patients with non-deficit schizophrenia, all aged between 18 and 45 years. Cognitive abilities were evaluated using a change detection task. The NeuroScan EEG/ERP System, comprising 64 channels and utilising standard 10-20 electrode placements, was employed to record EEG signals. The multiscale entropy and sample entropy of the EEG signals were calculated. Results: The healthy controls demonstrated superior task performance compared to both the non-deficit (p < 0.001) and deficit groups(p < 0.001). Significant differences in multiscale entropy between the three groups were observed at multiple electrode sites. In the task state, there are significant differences in the sample entropy of the β frequency band among the three groups of subjects. Under simple conditions of difficulty, the performance of the healthy controls exhibited a positive correlation with alpha band sample entropy(r = 0.372) and a neg...