Acute pulmonary embolism in children and adolescents in the USA (2016 and 2019): a nationwide retrospective cohort study

作者：Simon Wolf, Luca Valerio, Nils Kucher, Stavros Konstantinides, Irene L M Klaassen, C. Heleen van Ommen, Cihan Ay, Frederikus A. Klok, Suzanne C Cannegieter, Stefano Barco · 发表于：The Lancet Respiratory Medicine · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/s2213-2600(24)00412-0 · 被引用次数：18 · 研究领域：Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management、Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms、Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological data on acute pulmonary embolism among children and adolescents are sparse and only date back to the 2000s. We aimed to establish annual estimates and age-stratified and sex-stratified indicators of acute pulmonary embolism among children and adolescents aged 0-19 years. METHODS: We did a retrospective, nationwide, patient-level analysis of the Kids' Inpatient Database, including 5733 patients with acute pulmonary embolism aged 0-19 years admitted to hospital in the USA in 2016 and 2019. The database includes data of all children admitted to hospital during the 2 years available. We also accessed the US Multiple Cause of Death database and population data from the US Census Bureau for the same 2 years. We estimated the incidence, mortality, case fatality, and proportional mortality rates, provided data on the annual pulmonary embolism burden, and provided data on clinical events recorded during hospitalisation. FINDINGS: In the years 2016 and 2019, 5733 patients (3353 [58.5%] female and 2380 [41.5%] male) were admitted to hospital with acute pulmonary embolism as the primary diagnosis or a concomitant diagnosis. The annual incidence of acute pulmonary embolism was 3·5 (95% CI 3·4-3·6) per 100 000 people. Two peaks in the incidence rate were observed-one in infants younger than 1 year and one in adolescents aged 15-19 years. The in-hospital case fatality rate was 4·5% (4·0-5·1). The crude odds ratio for in-hospital death among patients with (vs with...