Seasonal recurrence and modular assembly of an Arctic pelagic marine microbiome

作者：Taylor Priest, Ellen Oldenburg, Ovidiu Popa, Bledina Dede, Katja Metfies, Wilken‐Jon von Appen, Sinhué Torres‐Valdés, Christina Bienhold, Bernhard M. Fuchs, Rudolf Amann, Antje Boëtius, Matthias Wietz · 发表于：Nature Communications · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1038/s41467-025-56203-3 · 被引用次数：14 · 研究领域：Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology、Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies、Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies

Deciphering how microbial communities are shaped by environmental variability is fundamental for understanding the structure and function of ocean ecosystems. While seasonal environmental gradients have been shown to structure the taxonomic dynamics of microbiomes over time, little is known about their impact on functional dynamics and the coupling between taxonomy and function. Here, we demonstrate annually recurrent, seasonal structuring of taxonomic and functional dynamics in a pelagic Arctic Ocean microbiome by combining autonomous samplers and in situ sensors with long-read metagenomics and SSU ribosomal metabarcoding. Specifically, we identified five temporal microbiome modules whose succession within each annual cycle represents a transition across different ecological states. For instance, Cand. Nitrosopumilus, Syndiniales, and the machinery to oxidise ammonia and reduce nitrite are signatures of early polar night, while late summer is characterised by Amylibacter and sulfur compound metabolism. Leveraging metatranscriptomes from Tara Oceans, we also demonstrate the consistency in functional dynamics across the wider Arctic Ocean during similar temporal periods. Furthermore, the structuring of genetic diversity within functions over time indicates that environmental selection pressure acts heterogeneously on microbiomes across seasons. By integrating taxonomic, functional and environmental information, our study provides fundamental insights into how microbiomes are s...