Microclimate temperature effects propagate across scales in forest ecosystems

作者：Kristin H. Braziunas, Werner Rammer, Pieter De Frenne, Joan Díaz‐Calafat, Per‐Ola Hedwall, Cornelius Senf, Dominik Thom, Florian Zellweger, Rupert Seidl · 发表于：Landscape Ecology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1007/s10980-025-02054-8 · 被引用次数：18 · 研究领域：Forest Insect Ecology and Management、Species Distribution and Climate Change、Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics

Abstract Context Forest canopies shape subcanopy environments, affecting biodiversity and ecosystem processes. Empirical forest microclimate studies are often restricted to local scales and short-term effects, but forest dynamics unfold at landscape scales and over long time periods. Objectives We developed the first explicit and dynamic implementation of microclimate temperature buffering in a forest landscape model and investigated effects on simulated forest dynamics and outcomes. Methods We adapted the individual-based forest landscape and disturbance model iLand to use microclimate temperature for three processes [decomposition, bark beetle ( Ips typographus L.) development, and tree seedling establishment]. We simulated forest dynamics with or without microclimate temperature buffering in a temperate European mountain landscape under historical climate and disturbance conditions. Results Temperature buffering effects propagated from local to landscape scales. After 1,000 simulation years, average total carbon and cumulative net ecosystem productivity were 2% and 21% higher, respectively, and tree species composition differed in simulations including versus excluding microclimate buffering. When microclimate buffering was included, Norway spruce ( Picea abies (L.) Karst.) increased by 9% and European beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.) decreased by 12% in mean basal area share. Some effects were amplified across scales, such as a mean 16% decrease in local-scale bark beetle deve...