Association of iron deposition in MS lesion with remyelination capacity using susceptibility source separation MRI

作者：Hyeong‐Geol Shin, Woojun Kim, Jung Hwan Lee, Hyunsoo Lee, Yoonho Nam, Ji‐Woong Kim, Xu Li, Peter C.M. van Zijl, Peter A. Calabresi, Jongho Lee, Jinhee Jang · 发表于：NeuroImage Clinical · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103748 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications、Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies、Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications

• Longitudinal χ-separation imaging can estimate changes in myelin within MS lesions over time. • Hyper-paramagnetic sign (intralesional iron accumulation) is associated with impaired remyelination capability in MS lesions. • A lower number of lesions with HPS is associated to clinical disability improvement in people with MS. Susceptibility source-separation (χ-separation) MRI provides in-vivo proxy of myelin (diamagnetic susceptibility, χ dia ) and iron concentrations (paramagnetic susceptibility, χ para ) in the central nervous system, potentially uncovering myelin- and iron-related pathology in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions (e.g., demyelination, remyelination, and iron-laden microglia/macrophages formation). This study aims to monitor longitudinal changes in χ para and χ dia signals within MS lesions using χ-separation and evaluate the association between lesional iron and remyelination capability. Fifty participants with MS (pwMS) were followed annually over a mean period of 3.3 years (SD = 1.8 years) with MRI, including χ-separation, and clinical assessments. To monitor lesions from their early stage (lesion age < 1 year), we identified newly-noted lesions (NNLs) and contrast-enhancing lesions (CELs), and tracked their longitudinal changes in χ para and χ dia signals. Twenty-three pwMS were detected with NNLs and/or CELs (38 NNLs, 31 CELs;7 overlapped). Among these lesions (62 lesions in total), 27 exhibited χ para hyperintensity, termed hyper-paramagnetic sign (HPS),...