Severity and Long-Term Mortality of COVID-19, Influenza, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus

作者：Kristina L. Bajema, David Pham Bui, Lei Yan, Yuli Li, Nallakkandi Rajeevan, Robert Vergun, Kristin Berry, Yuan Huang, Hung‐Mo Lin, Mihaela Aslan, George N. Ioannou · 发表于：JAMA Internal Medicine · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.7452 · 被引用次数：45 · 研究领域：Respiratory viral infections research、COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies、SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research

Importance: SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) contribute to many hospitalizations and deaths each year. Understanding relative disease severity can help to inform vaccination guidance. Objective: To compare disease severity of COVID-19, influenza, and RSV among US veterans. Design, Setting, and Participants: This retrospective cohort study analyzed national US Veterans Health Administration electronic health record data of nonhospitalized veterans who underwent same-day testing for SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and RSV, and were diagnosed with a single infection between August 1, 2022, and March 31, 2023, or between August 1, 2023, and March 31, 2024. Exposures: Infection with SARS-CoV-2, influenza, or RSV. Main Outcomes and Measures: Following inverse probability weighting, the cumulative incidence and risk differences (RDs) were calculated for the primary outcomes of 30-day hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and death, as well as the secondary outcome of long-term death extending through 180 days. Results: Among 68 581 patients included in the 2022 to 2023 cohort (6239 [9.1%] with RSV, 16 947 [24.7%] with influenza, and 45 395 [66.2%] with COVID-19) and 72 939 in the 2023 to 2024 cohort (9748 [13.4%] with RSV, 19 242 [26.4%] with influenza, and 43 949 [60.3%] with COVID-19), the median (IQR) age was 66 (53-75) years, and 123 090 (87.0%) were male. During the 2023 to 2024 season, the 30-day risk of hospitalization was similar for COVID-19 (16...