A Comprehensive Review of the Application and Potential of Straw Biochar in the Remediation of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soil

作者：Lei Xu, Feifei Zhao, Jianbiao Peng, Mingfei Ji, Bai-Lian Li · 发表于：Toxics · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3390/toxics13020069 · 被引用次数：16 · 研究领域：Heavy metals in environment、Coal and Its By-products、Electrokinetic Soil Remediation Techniques

With the rapid development of industry and agriculture, soil heavy metal contamination has become an important environmental issue faced today and has gradually attracted widespread attention. Finding a cheap, widely available, and biodegradable material that can promote crop growth and stabilize heavy metals has become a research focus. Crop straw biochar, due to its high specific surface area, rich surface functional groups, and high cation exchange capacity (CEC), has shown good effects on the remediation of inorganic and organic pollutants in the environment. This article reviews recent research on the use of crop straw biochar for soil heavy metal contamination remediation, providing a detailed analysis from the preparation, characteristics, modification of crop straw biochar, mechanisms for reducing the toxicity of heavy metals in soil, and its application and risks in remediating heavy metal-contaminated soils. It also comprehensively discusses the potential application of crop straw biochar in the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils. The results show that crop straw biochar can be used as a new type of immobilizing material for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils, but there are issues with the remediation technology that needs to be optimized and innovated, which poses challenges to the widespread application of crop straw biochar. In the future, efforts should be strengthened to optimize and innovate the application technology of crop straw bi...