Viral and immune dynamics of genital human papillomavirus infections in young women with high temporal resolution

作者：Nicolas Tessandier, Baptiste Elie, Vanina Boué, Christian Selinger, Massilva Rahmoun, Claire Bernat, Sophie Grasset, Soraya Groc, Anne‐Sophie Bedin, Thomas Bénéteau, Marine Bonneau, Christelle Graf, Nathalie Jacobs, Tsukushi Kamiya, Marion Kerioui, Julie Lajoie, Imène Melki, Jean‐Luc Prétet, Bastien Reyné, Géraldine Schlecht‐Louf, Mircea T. Sofonea, Olivier Supplisson, Chris Wymant, Vincent Foulongne, Jérémie Guedj, Christophe Hirtz, Marie‐Christine Picot, Jacques Reynes, Vincent Tribout, Édouard Tuaillon, Tim Waterboer, Michel Segondy, Ignacio G. Bravo, Nathalie Boulle, Carmen Lía Murall, Samuel Alizon · 发表于：PLoS Biology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1371/journal.pbio.3002949 · 被引用次数：17 · 研究领域：Cervical Cancer and HPV Research、Genital Health and Disease、Hepatitis B Virus Studies

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections drive one in 20 new cancer cases, exerting a particularly high burden on women. Most anogenital HPV infections are cleared in less than two years, but the underlying mechanisms that favour persistence in around 10% of women remain largely unknown. Notwithstanding, it is precisely this information that is crucial for improving treatment, screening, and vaccination strategies. To understand viral and immune dynamics in non-persisting HPV infections, we set up an observational longitudinal cohort study with frequent on-site visits for biological sample collection. We enrolled 189 women aged from 18 to 25 and living in the area of Montpellier (France) between 2016 and 2020. We performed 974 on-site visits for a total of 1,619 months of follow-up. We collected data on virus load, local immune cell populations, local concentrations of cytokines, and circulating antibody titres. Using hierarchical Bayesian statistical modelling to simultaneously analyse the data from 164 HPV infections from 76 participants, we show that in two months after infection, HPV viral load in non-persisting infections reaches a plateau that lasts on average for 13 to 20 months (95% credibility interval) and is then followed by a rapid clearance phase. This first description of the dynamics of HPV infections comes with the identification of immune correlates associated with infection clearance, especially gamma-delta T cells and CXCL10 concentration. A limitation of this...