Sleep and circadian rhythms in delayed sleep–wake phase disorder: Phenotypic differences between patients with and without comorbid depression

作者：Cátia Reis, Luísa K. Pilz, Teresa Paiva, María Paz Loayza Hidalgo, Kenneth P. Wright · 发表于：Journal of Sleep Research · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1111/jsr.14437 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Sleep and related disorders、Sleep and Wakefulness Research、Circadian rhythm and melatonin

Delayed sleep-wake phase disorder involves chronic difficulty going to bed and waking up at conventional times and often co-occurs with depression. This study compared sleep and circadian rhythms between patients with delayed sleep-wake phase disorder with depression (DSWPD-D) and without (DSWPD-ND) comorbid depression. Clinical records of 162 patients with delayed sleep-wake phase disorder (70 DSWPD-D, 92 DSWPD-ND) were analysed, including a subset of 76 patients with circadian phase determined by the dim light melatonin onset. Variables assessed included sleep behaviour on work and free days, weekly sleep duration, social jet lag, chronotype, and phase relationships between dim light melatonin onset and sleep/wake times. Mean (SD) or median [Q1-Q3] values were compared using t-tests or Mann-Whitney. Patients with DSWPD-D showed longer sleep on workdays (DSWPD-D = 7.63 hr [1.70] versus DSWPD-ND = 6.20 hr [1.59]; p < 0.001), but not on free days. DSWPD-D also showed later sleep onset (DSWPD-D = 03:30 14;hours [02:49 hours-04:23 hours], DSWPD-ND = 02:53 hours [02:00 hours-03:41 hours]; p = 0.02) and wake times (DSWPD-D = 11:30 hours [09:30 hours-13:00 hours], DSWPD-ND = 08:45 hours [07:20 hours-11:00 hours]; p < 0.01) on workdays. Furthermore, DSWPD-D showed less social jet lag (DSWPD-D = 0.38 [0.00-1.75] versus DSWPD-ND = 2.17 [1.25-3.03]; p < 0.01), and reported higher anxiety symptoms (DSWPD-D = 71.4% versus DSWPD-ND = 45.8%; p = 0.03) and medication use (DSWPD-D = 75.0% ve...