Higher dietary zinc intake increases the risk of autoimmune thyroiditis

作者：Lijun Chen, Changjian Yan, Chunling Huang, Zhengrong Jiang, Ruhai Lin, Xiaohong Wu, Huibin Huang · 发表于：Postgraduate Medical Journal · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1093/postmj/qgae202 · 被引用次数：8 · 研究领域：Trace Elements in Health、Thyroid Disorders and Treatments、Celiac Disease Research and Management

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), encompassing Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), is a prevalent chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by lymphocytic infiltration and the presence of anti-thyroid antibodies. It is the primary cause of primary hypothyroidism and affects women more frequently than men. Nearly 95% of individuals with HT exhibit thyroid peroxidase antibodies or thyroglobulin antibodies. Dietary factors, including vitamins and trace elements such as zinc, play a significant role in thyroid health; yet, clinical guidelines lack explicit dietary recommendations for AIT. METHODS: This study investigates the relationship between dietary zinc intake (Zinc) and AIT using data from the 2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 5467 participants were analyzed, including 273 individuals with AIT and 5194 without AIT. Clinical characteristics, dietary Zinc, and other relevant variables were assessed. Multivariate logistic bidirectional stepwise regression analysis was conducted to identify independent risk factors for AIT, and a risk prediction model was developed. RESULTS: The prevalence of AIT was 5%. Individuals with AIT were older, had a higher proportion of females, and showed elevated levels of various biomarkers, including zinc. Dietary Zinc was significantly higher in the AIT group (22.6 mg vs. 15.3 mg, P < .001). The regression analysis identified dietary Zinc, along with other factors, as an independent risk factor for AIT. The ...