Potential inflammatory mechanisms of the ketogenic diet against febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome

作者：Juan Wang, Lingling Xie, Li Jiang · 发表于：Acta Epileptologica · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1186/s42494-024-00187-y · 被引用次数：7 · 研究领域：Diet and metabolism studies、Metabolism and Genetic Disorders、Gut microbiota and health

Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) is a rare epilepsy syndrome with unclear pathogenesis, characterized by fever-induced, super-refractory status epilepticus and high mortality. Studies have shown that ketogenic diet (KD) is effective in controlling convulsions in FIRES, but its mechanisms are unclear. This paper intends to summarize the mechanisms by which KD may exert effects against FIRES. Clinical studies have shown that patients with FIRES have elevated levels of various inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, and so on. KD may exert anti-FIRES effects through several potential inflammatory pathways, including nuclear factor -κB (NF-κB) and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3). Furthermore, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) network suggested that KD may play an anti-inflammatory role through several pathways such as cellular senescence and neutrophil extracellular trap formation. These mechanisms need to be further investigated.