The Role of Fermented Farmyard Manure in Promoting Soil Health and Economic Sustainability in Cotton Farming under Changing Climate

作者：Iqbal Hussain, Shahid Saleem, Hafeez Ullah, Muhammad Nasir, Muhammad Umar Iqbal, Muhammad Asad Saleem, Abdul Khaliq, Syed Ahtisham Masood, Muhammad Shoaib Farooq, Mamoona Hanif, Zaib Un Nisa, Abdul Jabbar, Hafiz Muhammad Zia Ullah Ghazali, Aftab Ahmad Khan, Abdul Basit · 发表于：Journal of Economic Impact · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.52223/econimpact.2024.6312 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Research in Cotton Cultivation、Polymer-Based Agricultural Enhancements、Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics

Climate change, soil degradation, and resource limitations pose significant challenges to cotton productivity and economic sustainability. Developing sustainable and resilient agricultural practices is essential to address these challenges and ensure long-term farm profitability. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of fermenter-applied farmyard manure (FYM) as a regenerative approach to enhance soil health, cotton yield, and economic returns under changing climatic conditions. Farmyard manure was applied through a fermenter at a rate of 2.76 tons acre?¹, and its effects were compared with conventional fertilizer treatments. Results demonstrated that fermenter-applied FYM significantly improved soil nutrient status, with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and organic matter levels reaching 7.30 ppm, 8.27 ppm, 178 ppm, and 1.38%, respectively, compared to conventional treatments. Cotton yield was enhanced, achieving the highest seed cotton yield of 881 kg acre?¹ with reduced irrigation requirements (11 irrigations) under FYM treatments, surpassing conventional fertilizer yields of 742 kg acre?¹ in 2024. Fiber quality parameters including ginning outturn (37.9%) and staple length (28 mm), were consistently superior under FYM application. Economic analysis revealed that fermenter-applied FYM resulted in the highest net profit of Rs. 122,852 acre?¹ and a benefit-cost ratio (2.90) compared to Rs. 81,939 acre?¹ and a benefit-cost ratio of 2.08 with conventional fertilizers in 2024...