The dual nature of water hyacinth (Pontederia crassipes): Environmental threats and sustainable solutions

作者：Hang Yang, Tan Tan, Gui Ren, Yunli Liu, Zisen Liu, Shibin Xia, Zhenbin Wu, Yi Zhang · 发表于：Water Biology and Security · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100359 · 被引用次数：18 · 研究领域：Biological Control of Invasive Species、Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment、Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions

The invasive aquatic plant Pontederia crassipes (water hyacinth) presents significant ecological and economic challenges worldwide due to its rapid proliferation and dominance in freshwater ecosystems. This review synthesizes the multifaceted aspects of P. crassipes , from its ecological impacts to its potential applications, highlighting sustainable management strategies. Despite its invasiveness, P. crassipes exhibits remarkable potential in phytoremediation, biofuel production, biomaterial synthesis, and agricultural uses. Its ability to absorb pollutants, including heavy metals and nutrients, renders it valuable for environmental remediation. The conversion of P. crassipes into biochar, bioplastics, and industrial products aligns with circular economy principles, promoting resource recovery and environmental conservation. However, while these applications are promising in theory, real-world evidence demonstrating the successful mitigation of P. crassipes ’ invasive potential through such methods remains minimal. Few case studies and field trials have shown positive impacts, underscoring the need for further research before conclusive recommendations can be made. Traditional management methods, such as mechanical, chemical, and biological controls, face limitations including labor intensity, environmental safety concerns, and ecological impacts. An integrated approach that combines these strategies is essential for effective management. Future research should prioritize la...