Boosting CAR-T cell therapy through vaccine synergy

作者：Yan-Ruide Li, Zibai Lyu, Xinyuan Shen, Ying Fang, Lili Yang · 发表于：Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.tips.2024.12.004 · 被引用次数：37 · 研究领域：CAR-T cell therapy research、Nanowire Synthesis and Applications、Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has transformed the treatment landscape for hematological cancers. However, achieving comparable success in solid tumors remains challenging. Factors contributing to these limitations include the scarcity of tumor-specific antigens (TSAs), insufficient CAR-T cell infiltration, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Vaccine-based strategies are emerging as potential approaches to address these challenges, enhancing CAR-T cell expansion, persistence, and antitumor efficacy. In this review, we explore diverse vaccine modalities, including mRNA, peptide, viral vector, and dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines, and their roles in augmenting CAR-T cell responses. Special focus is given to recent clinical advancements combining mRNA-based vaccines with CAR-T therapy for the treatment of genitourinary cancers. In addition, we discuss crucial considerations for optimizing vaccine dosing, scheduling, and delivery to maximize CAR-T synergy, aiming to refine this combination strategy to improve treatment efficacy and safety.