Dapagliflozin improves diabetic kidney disease by inhibiting ferroptosis through β-hydroxybutyrate production

作者：Yan Tian, Chenxia Zhou, Qun Yan, Ziyi Li, Da Chen, Bo Feng, Jun Song · 发表于：Renal Failure · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1080/0886022x.2024.2438857 · 被引用次数：26 · 研究领域：Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis、Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes、Trace Elements in Health

BACKGROUND: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Sodium-glucose cotransporter protein 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are antihyperglycemic agents that provide additional renal-protective effects in patients with DKD, independent of their glucose-lowering effects. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study hypothesized that SGLT2i could alleviate diabetic kidney injury by inhibiting ferroptosis and explored its potential mechanisms. METHODS: C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the control, DKD, DKD+dapagliflozin, and DKD+insulin treatment groups. Blood glucose levels and body weight were monitored. Renal function, tissue pathology, mitochondrial morphology and function, and lipid peroxidation biomarkers (lipid peroxidation [LPO], malondialdehyde [MDA], glutathione peroxidase 4 [GPX4], glutathione [GSH], and cystine transporter solute carrier family 7 member 11 [SLC7A11]) were evaluated. Human proximal tubule cells (HK2 cells) were exposed to high glucose alone or in combination with dapagliflozin. The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level, NAD+/NADH ratio (oxidized/reduced ratio of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), and lipid peroxidation were measured. In addition, the role of the β-hydroxybutyrate- Calcium/Calmodulin Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase 2 (BHB-CaMKK2) axis in mediating dapagliflozin regulating ferroptosis was examined. RESULTS: Dapagliflozin significantly ameliorated ki...