Recent Progress of Soft and Bioactive Materials in Flexible Bioelectronics

作者：Xiaojun Wu, Yuanming Ye, Mubai Sun, Yongfeng Mei, Bowen Ji, Ming Wang, Enming Song · 发表于：Cyborg and Bionic Systems · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.34133/cbsystems.0192 · 被引用次数：35 · 研究领域：Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials、Conducting polymers and applications、Neuroscience and Neural Engineering

Materials that establish functional, stable interfaces to targeted tissues for long-term monitoring/stimulation equipped with diagnostic/therapeutic capabilities represent breakthroughs in biomedical research and clinical medicine. A fundamental challenge is the mechanical and chemical mismatch between tissues and implants that ultimately results in device failure for corrosion by biofluids and associated foreign body response. Of particular interest is in the development of bioactive materials at the level of chemistry and mechanics for high-performance, minimally invasive function, simultaneously with tissue-like compliance and in vivo biocompatibility. This review summarizes the most recent progress for these purposes, with an emphasis on material properties such as foreign body response, on integration schemes with biological tissues, and on their use as bioelectronic platforms. The article begins with an overview of emerging classes of material platforms for bio-integration with proven utility in live animal models, as high performance and stable interfaces with different form factors. Subsequent sections review various classes of flexible, soft tissue-like materials, ranging from self-healing hydrogel/elastomer to bio-adhesive composites and to bioactive materials. Additional discussions highlight examples of active bioelectronic systems that support electrophysiological mapping, stimulation, and drug delivery as treatments of related diseases, at spatiotemporal resolut...