Global trends and risk factors in gastric cancer: a comprehensive analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 and multi-omics data

作者：Liqun Zhang, Qian Dong, Yuanhe Wang, Xiaoxi Li, Chunning Li, Fang Li, Jingdong Zhang · 发表于：International Journal of Medical Sciences · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.7150/ijms.104437 · 被引用次数：12 · 研究领域：Gastric Cancer Management and Outcomes、Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies、Esophageal Cancer Research and Treatment

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) remains a significant global health challenge.This study aimed to comprehensively analyze GC epidemiology and risk factors to inform prevention and intervention strategies.Methods: We analyzed the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 data, conducted 16 different machine learning (ML) models of NHANES data, performed Mendelian randomization (MR) studies on disease phenotypes, dietary preferences, microbiome, blood-based markers, and integrated differential gene expression and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data from multiple cohorts to identify factors associated with GC risk.Results: Global age-standardized disability-adjusted life year rates (ASDR) for GC declined from 886.24 to 358.42 per 100,000 population between 1990 and 2030, with significant regional disparities.Despite this decline, total disability-adjusted life years show a concerning upward trend from 2015, rising from approximately 22.9 million to a projected 24.3 million by 2030.The slope index of inequality shifted from 87 in 1990 to -184 in 2021, indicating a reversal in GC burden distribution, with higher ASDR now associated with lower socio-demographic index countries.The ML models analysis identified higher levels of clinical characteristics such as phosphorus, calcium, eosinophils percent, and triglycerides, as well as lower levels of iron and monocyte percent, may be associated with an increased risk of GC.MR analyses revealed causal associations between GC risk an...