Decoding the trajectory of antibiotic resistance genes in saline and alkaline soils: Insights from different fertilization regimes

作者：Dandan Zhang, Jie Li, Guilong Zhang, Yan Xu · 发表于：Environment International · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.envint.2024.109247 · 被引用次数：10 · 研究领域：Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts、Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics

• Saline-alkaline conditions treated by different fertilizers greatly affect soil ARGs. • Multidrug resistance genes are most closely related with soil salinity and alkalinity. • A trade-off exists between bacteria growth and antibiotic resistance evolution. • Pyruvate, energy, and lipid metabolic pathways largely regulate antibiotic resistance. • Functional genes cys H, cys K, pls B, and pls C negatively regulate MDR genes. The soil salinity and alkalinity play an important role in the occurrence and proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Yet, little is known the underlying mechanism by which soil salinity and alkalinity affect antibiotic resistance evolution. Here we investigated the ARGs variation in soil salinity and alkalinity environments created by different fertilization, and explored the biological mechanisms that salinity and alkalinity alter the evolutionary paradigm of antibiotic resistance. The results showed the soil treated by organic fertilizer exhibited a low salinity, neutral level (TSD 239.20 μS/cm, pH 7.17). The ARG abundance in the OF treatment was the highest, keeping an average of 67.83 TPM. Beside the effect of direct input of organic fertilizer at the beginning, it was important to note that, ARGs abundance during planting showed significant correlations with pH and electric conductivity. We observed that changes in microbial survival strategies under different salinity and alkalinity conditions further affected ARG hosts abundance. Indo...