Revolutionising Cancer Immunotherapy: Advancements and Prospects in Non‐Viral CAR ‐ NK Cell Engineering

作者：Zhaokai Zhou, Yifeng Chen, Yuhao Ba, Hui Xu, Anning Zuo, Shutong Liu, Yuyuan Zhang, Siyuan Weng, Yuqing Ren, Peng Luo, Quan Cheng, Lulu Zuo, Shanshan Zhu, Xing Zhou, Chuhan Zhang, Yukang Chen, Xinwei Han, Teng Pan, Zaoqu Liu · 发表于：Cell Proliferation · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1111/cpr.13791 · 被引用次数：19 · 研究领域：CAR-T cell therapy research、Immune Cell Function and Interaction、Nanowire Synthesis and Applications

The recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy have spotlighted the potential of natural killer (NK) cells, particularly chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-transduced NK cells. These cells, pivotal in innate immunity, offer a rapid and potent response against cancer cells and pathogens without the need for prior sensitization or recognition of peptide antigens. Although NK cell genetic modification is evolving, the viral transduction method continues to be inefficient and fraught with risks, often resulting in cytotoxic outcomes and the possibility of insertional mutagenesis. Consequently, there has been a surge in the development of non-viral transfection technologies to overcome these challenges in NK cell engineering. Non-viral approaches for CAR-NK cell generation are becoming increasingly essential. Cutting-edge techniques such as trogocytosis, electroporation, lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) gene editing and transposons not only enhance the efficiency and safety of CAR-NK cell engineering but also open new avenues for novel therapeutic possibilities. Additionally, the infusion of technologies already successful in CAR T-cell therapy into the CAR-NK paradigm holds immense potential for further advancements. In this review, we present an overview of the potential of NK cells in cancer immunotherapies, as well as non-viral transfection technologies for engineering NK cells.