Long-term survival after local immunotherapy for malignant gliomas: a retrospective study with 20 years follow-up

作者：Hao Duan, Zhenqiang He, Zhenghe Chen, Yukun Chen, Wanming Hu, Ke Sai, Xiangheng Zhang, Jian‐Chuan Xia, Yongqiang Li, Ranyi Liu, Chaowei Zou, Zhongping Chen, Yonggao Mou · 发表于：BMC Immunology · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1186/s12865-024-00676-2 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment、Immune Cell Function and Interaction、Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers

PURPOSE: Immunotherapy is a promising treatment for cancers but should be optimized for malignant gliomas. Because of immune privilege feature of the brain, local administration of immunotherapy may be a promising strategy for malignant glioma treatment. Identification of patients who may benefit from local immunotherapy is essential. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of six malignant glioma patients who received local administration of autologous cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells through Ommaya reservoirs implanted into the tumor resection cavity. Profiles of tumor genome, transcriptome and immune microenvironment were also investigated by genomic target sequencing, RNA sequencing, electrochemiluminescence assay and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. RESULTS: Four patients died from tumor progression and the overall survival ranged from 10.0 to 33.9 months. Remarkably, two patients, including one diagnosed as diffuse hemispheric glioma H3 G34-mutant (G34-DHG, WHO grade 4) and the other diagnosed as astrocytoma (IDH1 mutation, WHO grade 3) survived more than 20 years without evidence of recurrence. The distinctive clinical feature of the two long-term survivors was tumor gross total resection (GTR) before CIK therapy. NTRK1 mutation was uniquely present and 353 genes were differentially expressed in the long-term survivors compared with the short-term survivors. These differential expression genes were highly associa...