Association between influenza vaccination and prognosis in patients with ischemic heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

作者：Xiao Liu, J. Zhang, Fuwei Liu, Yifan Wu, Li Lin, Ruoyun Fan, Changchang Fang, Jinyi Huang, Deju Zhang, Peng Yu, Huilei Zhao · 发表于：Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102793 · 被引用次数：11 · 研究领域：Influenza Virus Research Studies、Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases、Renin-Angiotensin System Studies

BACKGROUND: There is substantial epidemiological evidence demonstrating that influenza contributes to cardiovascular events in patients who already have cardiovascular diseases. However, the efficacy of influenza vaccination on the prognosis of patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) is unclear. METHODS: We conducted a systematic search for eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase on September 13, 2024, to investigate the effects of the influenza vaccine on the prognosis of patients with IHD. The effect sizes were combined using random-effects models, and Trial Sequential Analysis (TSA) was used to assess the reliability and validity of the results. RESULTS: Five RCTs with a total of 5659 patients (median age ranging from 57.1 to 66 years, 67.8% male) with IHD were included. The use of influenza vaccine reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (risk ratio [RR] = 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52-0.87, number-needed-to-treat [NNT] of 37, high certainty), cardiovascular death (RR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.35-0.87, moderate certainty), all-cause mortality (RR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.40-0.84, high certainty) and myocardial infarction (MI) (RR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.46-0.93, high certainty) in patients with IHD compared with control. The analysis revealed no significant benefit regarding hospitalization for heart failure (HF) (RR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.21-3.99, moderate certainty) and revascularization (RR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.10-3.45, moderate certaint...