The global distribution and diversity of wild-bird-associated pathogens: An integrated data analysis and modeling study

作者：Yunbo Qiu, Chen‐Long Lv, Jinjin Chen, Yanqun Sun, Tian Tang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Yufeng Yang, Guolin Wang, Qiang Xu, Xiao‐Ai Zhang, Feng Hong, Simon I Hay, Li‐Qun Fang, Wei Liu · 发表于：Med · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.medj.2024.11.006 · 被引用次数：26 · 研究领域：Zoonotic diseases and public health、Bird parasitology and diseases、Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research

Background Wild birds are significant vectors in global pathogen transmission, but the diversity and spatial distribution of the pathogens detected in them remain unclear. Understanding the transmission dynamics and hotspots of wild-bird-associated pathogens (WBAPs) is crucial for early disease prevention. Methods We compiled an up-to-date dataset encompassing all WBAPs by conducting an extensive search of publications from 1959 to 2022, mapped their diversity and global distribution, and utilized three machine learning algorithms to predict geospatial hotspots where zoonotic and emerging WBAPs were prevalent. Findings Based on 1,834 selected studies, a total of 760 pathogens associated with 1,438 wild bird species were identified, including 387 emerging and 212 zoonotic pathogens. Migratory birds exhibited higher pathogen richness (593 species) but a lower proportion of zoonotic pathogens (27.2%) compared to resident birds (303 species and 39.3%, both p < 0.01). When comparing different ecological groups, waterfowl had the highest richness of zoonotic pathogens (128 species), followed by songbirds (76 species). The distribution of WBAPs was significantly influenced by the habitat suitability index of wild birds, mammalian richness, and climatic factors. The potential geographical hotspots of zoonotic and emerging WBAPs were widely distributed in tropical areas of Asia, Africa, and South America, with zoonotic WBAPs having a wider distribution in South America. Conclusions Ou...