Metabolomic studies reveal and validate potential biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy in two Chinese datasets with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study

作者：Xingchen Zhou, Guixue Hou, Xin Wang, Zhaoyi Peng, Xiaoming Yin, Jing Yang, Shan Wang, Yayi He, Yue Wang, Jing Sui, Wei Qiang, Hui Guo, Yanan Wang, Lin Liang, Bingyin Shi, Mingqian He · 发表于：Cardiovascular Diabetology · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1186/s12933-024-02535-1 · 被引用次数：11 · 研究领域：Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies、Retinal Diseases and Treatments、Retinal Imaging and Analysis

BACKGROUND: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and causes vision impairment and blindness. The presence of major risk factors for DR, such as high levels of HbA1c, does not predict all DR pathogenesis in the clinic, which suggests that uncovering the underlying mechanisms and identifying novel markers are needed. Previous evidence has shown that the serum metabolic signature of DR is unique and detectable compared with that of diabetes mellitus (DM). Here, we aimed to identify serum metabolites as reliable biomarkers for the presence of DR in type 2 DM (T2DM) patients. METHODS: We performed untargeted and targeted metabolomic studies using liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry (LC‒MS) and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) methods on the serum samples of T2DM patients. For the discovery dataset, 39 DR patients and 39 non-DR (NDR) patients were included. For the validation dataset, 95 DR patients and 95 non-DR (NDR) patients were included. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to evaluate the discriminating power of the metabolites. Binary logistic regression models were fit to evaluate the associations of metabolite peak areas or neurotransmitter concentrations with the presence of DR and adjusted for known risk factors. RESULTS: A total of 7123 metabolites were tested. The 39 DR patients had a mean age of 56 years with an average diabetes duration of 12 years, and the 39 NDR patients had a mean age ...