Agricultural sustainability: Biochar and bio-based polyurethane coupling coating to prepare novel controlled-release fertilizers

作者：Xin Tang, Jianhua Li, Jia Yang, Zhang Xiang, Yan He, Ying Zhen Huang, Nan Zhou, Wei Luo, Zhiming Zhou · 发表于：Industrial Crops and Products · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.120296 · 被引用次数：22 · 研究领域：Polymer-Based Agricultural Enhancements、Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies、Plant Growth Enhancement Techniques

The application of bio-based controlled-release fertilizers is one of the sustainable methods for improving fertilizer effectiveness and reducing agricultural non-point source pollution. In this study, liquefied tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) stem (LTS) and castor oil were used as raw materials to prepare bio-based polyurethane coating (BPC). The BPC and biochar obtained through pyrolysis were coated on nitramine phosphorus to prepare bio-based double-coated controlled-release fertilizers (BDCRFs). The variables are the 3 %, 5 %, and 7 % BPC coating amounts and biochar from different sources (tobacco stem, fir wood and coconut shell were pyrolyzed at 500 ℃ under oxygen restriction) as components of BDCRFs. The results demonstrated that the excellent hydrophobicity (water contact angle = 138°) and lipophilicity (polyols contact angle = 30°) of tobacco stem biochar (TSB) was conducive to coupling with BPC to improve the controlled-release performance of BDCRFs. Column leaching test indicated the tobacco stem fertilizer (TSF) can achieve long-term controlled-release: with the coating rate of 3 %, 5 % and 7 %, TSF released 71 % ± 2 %, 66 % ± 2 % and 71 % ± 2 % of nutrients on 70, 84 and 124 days, respectively. Meanwhile, the kinetic analysis revealed that the nutrient release mechanism of BDCRFs followed the Ritger-Peppas model. Additionally, TSF with the excellent nutrient release performance were compared with conventional fertilizer (CF), nitramine phosphorus (NP), and no fer...