Gender differences in the prevalence, correlated factors and comorbidity of depression in adolescents: a cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China

作者：Yi Wang, Xiyan Zhang, Yan Li, Hongyun Qin, Xin Li · 发表于：Frontiers in Public Health · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.3389/fpubh.2024.1436413 · 被引用次数：17 · 研究领域：Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development、Mental Health Treatment and Access、Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression

Background Prior studies have reported gender differences in the prevalence, comorbidity rates and related factors of depression during adolescence. But the gender differences in depression vary across studies. Besides, the evidence from Chinese adolescent samples is limited. This study aimed to explore gender differences in the depression-related factors, the potential interactions of the associated factors and clinical features of comorbid depression and anxiety among Chinese adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional study involving 3,510 participants aged 11 to 16 years from schools (private and public) in Shanghai was conducted with an anonymous paper-and-pencil questionnaire. Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED), Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were used to evaluate depression, anxiety and behavioral and emotional difficulties, respectively. Logistic regression model was used to explore the possible correlated factors of adolescent depression and analyze the interactions of the risk factors. Results Our results showed that there was no gender difference in the prevalence rates of depression ( χ 2 = 0.047, p = 0.83), but the prevalence of depression in females began to exceed that of males at the ages of 15 and 16. The factors associated with depression varied by gender. Private school was a risk factor for depression only in boys (adjusted OR = 1.842 [95% CI, 1.286–2.636]), whereas girls from nuclear famili...