Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Central Nervous System Involvement in Multiple Myeloma: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis from China

作者：Wenjing Li, Wei-Wei Tian, Jie Ma, Linyu Li, Zhihua Li, Guorong Gao, Lan Zhang, Lixiang Duan, Hui Geng, Jie Meng, Wen Gao · 发表于：Blood · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1182/blood-2024-205575 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Multiple Myeloma Research and Treatments、Cancer Mechanisms and Therapy、Protein Degradation and Inhibitors

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is a rare extramedullary complication of multiple myeloma (MM-CNS), which occurs at an extremely low incidence but usually leads to dismal clinical outcomes. There were few studies on the clinical characteristics and prognosis of MM-CNS. We summarize the characteristics of MM-CNS cases from China. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of MM-CNS cases from nine centers in China during the period from July 1, 2017, to June 30, 2024, in order to analyze their clinical characteristics, treatment approaches and prognosis. Results: Over 7-year period, 35 MM-CNS cases were admitted to 9 centers in China, including 16 males and 19 females. The median age at the diagnosis of CNS involvement was 55 years (range, 40-83 years). 11 (31.4%) cases had CNS involvement at diagnosis and it occurred to 24 (68.6%) after treatment. For patients who developed CNS involvement with progression, the number of lines for anti-myeloma therapy was 2 (range, 1-8), and the median time from the diagnosis of MM to CNS involvement was 22.8 months (range, 2.4~77.7). Regarding M proteins type, 18 (51.4%) cases had IgG, 11 (31.4%) IgA, 4 (11.4%) IgD, and 2 (5.7%) light chain. There were 9 (25.7%) cases with soft tissue plasmacytoma, 3 (8.6%) cases with pleural involvement, and 1 (2.9%) case with plasma cell leukemia. Chromosomal fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed in 29 patients. 1q21 amplification was found in 14 (48.3%) cases, 17...