An evaluation of storage length on ensiling characteristics, bacterial community compositions, co-occurrence networks, and their functional shifts and pathogenic risk in high-moisture oat silage

作者：Siran Wang, Chenglong Ding, Jipeng Tian, Yunhui Cheng, Nengxiang Xu, Wenjie Zhang, Xin Wang, Mudasir Nazar, Beiyi Liu · 发表于：Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1186/s40538-024-00702-w · 被引用次数：16 · 研究领域：Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology、Food composition and properties、Soil Management and Crop Yield

This study aimed to evaluate the ensiling characteristics, bacterial community structure, co-occurrence networks, and their predicted functionality and pathogenic risk in high-moisture oat (Avena sativa L.) silage. The oat harvested at heading stage (224 g/kg fresh weight) was spontaneously ensiled in plastic silos (10 L scale). Triplicate silos were opened after 1, 3, 7, 15, 30 and 60 days of fermentation, respectively. The bacterial community structure on day 3 and 60 were investigated using high-throughput sequencing technology, and 16S rRNA-gene predicted functionality and phenotypes were determined by PICRUSt2 and BugBase tools, respectively. After 60 days, the oat silage exhibited moderate fermentation quality, as indicated by large amounts of acetic acid (~ 50.4 g/kg dry matter (DM)) and lactic acid (~ 55.4 g/kg DM), relatively high pH (~ 4.79), acceptable levels of ammonia nitrogen (~ 75.2 g/kg total nitrogen) and trace amounts of butyric acid (~ 3.36 g/kg DM). Psychrobacter was prevalent in fresh oat, and Enterobacteriaceae and Lactobacillus dominated the bacterial community on day 3 and 60. Ensilage reduced the complexity of bacterial community network at the initial stage of fermentation. The bacterial functional pathways in fresh and ensiled oat are primarily characterized by the metabolism of carbohydrate and amino acid. During ensiling, the elevated pyruvate kinase and 1-phosphofructokinase levels were correlated with the lactic acid production, and the increase...