Immunophenotyping characteristics and clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients treated with azvudine during the Omicron surge

作者：Meihua Qiu, Xiaogang Song, Qianqian Zhang, Shenchun Zou, Lingling Pang, Xueyuan Nian · 发表于：Frontiers in Immunology · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.3389/fimmu.2024.1465238 · 研究领域：COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies、SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research、Pharmacological Receptor Mechanisms and Effects

Background Little is known about immunophenotyping characteristics and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients treated with azvudine during the Omicron variant surge. Methods This study enrolled patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from December 2022 to February 2023. The primary outcome was defined as all-cause mortality, along with a composite outcome reflecting disease progression. The enrolled patients were followed for a period of 60 days from their admission. Results A total of 268 COVID-19 patients treated with azvudine were enrolled in this retrospective study. The study found that the counts of lymphocyte subsets were significantly reduced in the composite outcome and all-cause mortality groups compared to the non-composite outcome and discharge groups (all p < 0.001). Correlation analysis revealed a negative association between lymphocyte subsets cell counts and inflammatory markers levels. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis identified low CD4 + T cell count as the most significant predictor of disease progression and all-cause mortality among the various lymphocyte subsets. Additionally, both the Kaplan-Meier curve and multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that low CD4 + T cell count level (< 156.00 cells/μl) was closely associated with all-cause mortality in COVID-19 patients treated with azvudine. Conclusions A low CD4 + T cell count may serve as a significant predictive indicator for identifying COVID-19 patients receivin...