Production of protons and light nuclei in Au + Au collisions at s N N = 3 GeV with the STAR detector

作者：M. I. Abdulhamid, B. E. Aboona, J. Adam, Lidia Adamczyk, J. R. Adams, I. Aggarwal, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, E. C. Aschenauer, S. Aslam, J. Atchison, V. Bairathi, J. G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, R. Bellwied, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, S. Bhatta, S. R. Bhosale, J. Bielcik, J. Bielčíková, J. D. Brandenburg, C. Broodo, X. Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, J. Ceska, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B. K. Chan, Z. Chang, A. Chatterjee, D. Chen, Jing Chen, J. H. Chen, Qinyu Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, Y. Cheng, W. Christie, X. Chu, H. J. Crawford, M. Csanád, G. Dale-Gau, Arpan Das, I. M. Deppner, A. Deshpande, A. Dhamija, P. Dixit, Xiang-Kun Dong, J. L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J. C. Dunlop, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, C. Feng, Yuliang Feng, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, F. Flor, C. D. Fu, C. A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, Tong Gao, F. J. M. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, W. Guryn, A. Hamed, Yimo Han, S. Harabasz, M. D. Harasty, J. W. Harris, H. Harrison-Smith, W. He, X. H. He, Yang He, N. Herrmann, L. Holub, Cong Hu, Qingmao Hu, Y. Hu, H. Z. Huang, H. Z. Huang, S. Huang, Tao Huang, Yidong Huang, Yidong Huang, T. J. Humanic, M. Isshiki, W. W. Jacobs, A. Jalotra, S. Jena, A. Jentsch, Ying Ji, J. Jia, C. Jin, X. Ju, E. G. Judd, S. Kabana, D. Kalinkin, Kyung-In Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, Drew Nathaniel Keane, A. Khanal, Y. V. Khyzhniak, D. P. Kikoła, B. Kimelman, D. Kincses, I. Kisel, A. Kiselev, A. G. Knospe, H. S. Ko, J. Kołaś, L. K. Kosarzewski, L. Kumar, M. C. Labonte, R. Lacey, J. M. Landgraf, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, J. H. Lee, Y. H. Leung, Cheng Li, Dan Li, H-S. Li, H. Li, L. Li, W. Li, Xiang‐Yang Li, Y. Li, Y. Li, Zhongyu Li, Xue Liang, Yun-Feng Liang, R. Licenik, T. Lin, Yen‐Sheng Lin, M. A. Lisa, Cheng Liu, G. Liu, Hui Liu, Haibo Liu, Ting Liu, X. Liu, Yü Liu, Z. Liu, T. Ljubicic, O. Lomicky, R. S. Longacre, E. Loyd, Tenglong Lu, J. Luo, X. F. Luo, Lei Ma, R. Ma, Y. G., N. Magdy, D. Mallick, R. Manikandhan, C. Markert, O. Matonoha, Gerry McNamara, O. Mezhanska, K Mi, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Mondal, I. Mooney, J. Mrazkova, M. I. Nagy, C. Naim, A. S. Nain, J. D. Nam, Md. Nasim, D. Neff, J. M. Nelson, M. Nie, G. Nigmatkulov, T. Niida, Toshihiro Nonaka, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, K. Okubo, B. S. Page, Sreeparna Pal, A. Pandav, A. K. Panday, A. K. Pandey, T. Pani, A. Paul, B. Pawlik, D. Pawlowska, C. Perkins, J. Pluta, B. R. Pokhrel, M. Posik, T. L. Protzman, V. Prozorova, N. K. Pruthi, M. Przybycień, J. Putschke, Zengyi Qin, Hao Qiu, C. Racz, S. K. Radhakrishnan, Abhishek Rana, R. L. Ray, R. Reed, C. W. Robertson, M. Robotkova, M. A. Rosales Aguilar, Dip Roy, P. Chowdhury, L. Ruan, A. K. Sahoo, N. R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, S. Sato, Brian C. Schaefer, W. B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, F. Seck, J. Seger, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, P. V. Shanmuganathan, T. Shao, M. Sharma, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, Sayantan Sharma, A. I. Sheikh, D. L. Shen, D. Y. Shen, Kun‐Ching Shen, S. S. Shi, Yuliang Shi, Q. Y. Shou, F. Si, J. B. Singh, S. Singha, P. Sinha, M. J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, Y. Söhngen, Yanan Song, B. Srivastava, T. D. S. Stanislaus, M. Stefaniak, D. J. Stewart, Yang Su, M. Šumbera, C. Sun, Xuguang Sun, Y. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, M. Svoboda, Z. W. Sweger, A. C. Tamis, A. H. Tang, Z. Tang, T. Tarnowsky, J. H. Thomas, A. R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, Stephen Trentalange, P. Tribedy, S. K. Tripathy, T. Truhlar, B. A. Trzeciak, O. D. Tsai, C. Y. Tsang, Z. Tu, J. Tyler, T. Ullrich, D. G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, J. Vaněk, I. Vassiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S. A. Voloshin, Gang Wang, J. S. Wang, J. Wang, K. Wang, Xiaogang Wang, Ying Wang, Ying Wang, Yu Wang, Zheng Wang, J. C. Webb, P. C. Weidenkaff, G. D. Westfall, D. Wielanek, H. Wieman, G. Wilks, S. W. Wissink, R. Witt, J. Wu, J. Wu, X. Wu, X. Wu, B. Xi, Zhiguang Xiao, Gaogang Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, W. Xu, Yonghui Xu, Yonghui Xu, Z. Xu, Z. Xu, Gangui Yan, Z. Yan, C. Yang, Qingyong Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Zhen Ye, Z. Ye, L. Yi, N. Yu, Liang Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, Chi Zhang, Dong Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. Zhang, Xinyi Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. J. Zhang, Z. J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Feng Zhao, J. Zhao, Mengfei Zhao, Shun Zhou, Yu Zhou, Xiaoyan Zhu, M. Źurek, M. Zyzak · 发表于：Physical Review C · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1103/physrevc.110.054911 · 被引用次数：19 · 研究领域：High-Energy Particle Collisions Research、Nuclear Materials and Properties、Nuclear reactor physics and engineering

We report the systematic measurement of protons and light nuclei production in $\mathrm{Au}+\mathrm{Au}$ collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}3\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{GeV}$ by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The transverse momentum $({p}_{T})$ spectra of protons $(p)$, deuterons $(d)$, tritons $(t)$, $^{3}\mathrm{He}$, and $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ have been measured from midrapidity to target rapidity for different collision centralities. We present the rapidity and centrality dependence of particle yields $(dN/dy)$, average transverse momentum $(\ensuremath{\langle}{p}_{T}\ensuremath{\rangle})$, yield ratios $(d/p,$ $t/p,^{3}\mathrm{He}/p,$ $^{4}\mathrm{He}/p)$, as well as the coalescence parameters $({B}_{2},$ ${B}_{3})$. The $4\ensuremath{\pi}$ yields for various particles are determined by utilizing the measured rapidity distributions, $dN/dy$. Furthermore, we present the energy, centrality, and rapidity dependence of the compound yield ratios $({N}_{p}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{N}_{t}/{N}_{d}^{2})$ and compare them with various model calculations. The physics implications of these results on the production mechanism of light nuclei and the QCD phase structure are discussed.