SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in captive animals at the belo horizonte zoo, Minas Gerais, Brazil

作者：Anisleidy Pérez Castillo, João Victor Oliveira Miranda, Paula Luize Camargos Fonseca, Rennan Garcias Moreira, Luíza Campos Guerra de Araújo e Santos, Daniel Costa Queiroz, Diego Menezes, Carlyle Mendes Coelho, Paula Cristina Senra Lima, Rafael Otávio Cançado Motta, Herlandes Penha Tinoco, Júlia Angélica Gonçalves da Silveira, Renato Santana Aguiar · 发表于：Virology Journal · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1186/s12985-024-02505-9 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research、Animal Virus Infections Studies、SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing

BACKGROUND: The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has not only affected humans but also raised concerns about its transmission to wild animals, potentially creating natural reservoirs. Understanding these dynamics is critical for preventing future pandemics and developing control strategies. This study aims to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in wild mammals at the Belo Horizonte Zoo in Brazil, analyzing the virus's evolution and zoonotic potential. METHODS: The study was conducted at the Belo Horizonte Zoo, Minas Gerais, Brazil, covering a diverse population of mammals. Oropharyngeal, rectal, and nasal swabs were collected from 47 captive animals between November 2021 and March 2023. SARS-CoV-2 presence was determined using RT-PCR, and positive samples were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. Consensus genomes were classified using Pangolin and NextClade tools, and a maximum likelihood phylogeny was inferred using IQ-Tree. RESULTS: Of the 47 animals tested, nine (19.1%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Positive samples included rectal, oropharyngeal, and nasal swabs, with the highest positivity in rectal samples. Three genomes were successfully sequenced, revealing two variants: VOC Alpha in a maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) and a fallow deer (Dama dama), and VOC Omicron in a western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla). Phylogenetic analysis indicated potential human-to-animal transmission, with animal genomes clustering close to human samples from the same region. ...