Cognitive maps and schizophrenia

作者：Matthew M. Nour, Yunzhe Liu, Mohamady El-Gaby, Robert A. McCutcheon, Raymond J. Dolan · 发表于：Trends in Cognitive Sciences · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.011 · 被引用次数：15 · 研究领域：Memory and Neural Mechanisms、Cognitive Science and Mapping、Cognitive Abilities and Testing

Structured internal representations ('cognitive maps') shape cognition, from imagining the future and counterfactual past, to transferring knowledge to new settings. Our understanding of how such representations are formed and maintained in biological and artificial neural networks has grown enormously. The cognitive mapping hypothesis of schizophrenia extends this enquiry to psychiatry, proposing that diverse symptoms - from delusions to conceptual disorganization - stem from abnormalities in how the brain forms structured representations. These abnormalities may arise from a confluence of neurophysiological perturbations (excitation-inhibition imbalance, resulting in attractor instability and impaired representational capacity) and/or environmental factors such as early life psychosocial stressors (which impinge on representation learning). This proposal thus links knowledge of neural circuit abnormalities, environmental risk factors, and symptoms.