Nanoparticles as Delivery Systems for Antigenic Saccharides: From Conjugation Chemistry to Vaccine Design

作者：Marie-Jeanne Archambault, Laetitia Mwadi Tshibwabwa, Mélanie Côté‐Cyr, Serge Moffet, Tze Chieh Shiao, Steve Bourgault · 发表于：Vaccines · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.3390/vaccines12111290 · 被引用次数：10 · 研究领域：Immunotherapy and Immune Responses、Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research、RNA Interference and Gene Delivery

Glycoconjugate vaccines have been effective in preventing numerous bacterial infectious diseases and have shown recent potential to treat cancers through active immunotherapy. Soluble polysaccharides elicit short-lasting immune responses and are usually covalently linked to immunogenic carrier proteins to enhance the antigen-specific immune response by stimulating T-cell-dependent mechanisms. Nonetheless, the conjugation of purified polysaccharides to carrier proteins complexifies vaccine production, and immunization with protein glycoconjugates can lead to the undesirable immunogenic interference of the carrier. Recently, the use of nanoparticles and nanoassemblies for the delivery of antigenic saccharides has gathered attention from the scientific community. Nanoparticles can be easily functionalized with a diversity of functionalities, including T-cell epitope, immunomodulator and synthetic saccharides, allowing for the modulation and polarization of the glycoantigen-specific immune response. Notably, the conjugation of glycan to nanoparticles protects the antigens from degradation and enhances their uptake by immune cells. Different types of nanoparticles, such as liposomes assembled from lipids, inorganic nanoparticles, virus-like particles and dendrimers, have been explored for glycovaccine design. The versatility of nanoparticles and their ability to induce robust immune responses make them attractive delivery platforms for antigenic saccharides. The present review aim...