Optimizing fabrication of coated fertilizers integrated with biochar for enhanced slow-release properties: Mechanisms and cost-effectiveness analysis

作者：Cheng Yang, Mengqiao Wu, Jiawei Lu, Yan Zhang, Ruohui Lu, Yongfu Li, Yanjiang Cai, Hai Xiang, Zechao Zhuang, Zhen Qiu, Bing Yu · 发表于：Industrial Crops and Products · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.120077 · 被引用次数：45 · 研究领域：Polymer-Based Agricultural Enhancements、Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies、Soil Management and Crop Yield

The growing need for environmentally friendly fertilizers that sustain agricultural productivity has spurred research into biochar-based fertilizers. This study optimized biochar-based fertilizers by incorporating biochar into PVA/starch-coated fertilizers at different locations: within the coating (BC mid /PVA/ST-SRF), on the outer surface (BC out /PVA/ST-SRF), and within the capsule (BC in /PVA/ST-SRF). BC in /PVA/ST-SRF showed the best slow-release performance, significantly reducing N and P leaching (N: 71.54 %, P: 44.19 %) compared to BC mid /PVA/ST-SRF (N: 77.70 %, P: 51.66 %) and BC out /PVA/ST-SRF (N: 78.59 %, P: 54.51 %), and outperforming commercial fertilizers. Mechanistic studies indicated Fickian diffusion governed nutrient release from BCin/PVA/ST-SRF, where biochar acted as an initial barrier within the PVA/ST film. Additionally, the superior swelling and mechanical properties of the PVA/ST film contribute to the excellent slow-release performance of BC in /PVA/ST-SRF. Pot trials with bok choy demonstrated enhanced growth and nutrient utilization (N: 84.91 %, P: 13.40 %) with BC in /PVA/ST-SRF, and improved nutritional indices. Economic analysis highlighted the scalability and commercial viability of BC in /PVA/ST-SRF production.