Freeze-dried fecal microorganisms as an effective biomaterial for the treatment of calves suffering from diarrhea

作者：Jahidul Islam, Natsuki Ohtani, Yu Shimizu, Masae Tanimizu, Yoshiaki Gotō, Masumi Sato, Eiji Makino, Toru Shimada, Chise Ueda, Ayumi Matsuo, Yoshihisa Suyama, Yoshifumi Sakai, Niel A. Karrow, Hiroshi Yoneyama, Ryota Hirakawa, Mutsumi Furukawa, Hidekazu Tanaka, Tomonori Nochi · 发表于：Scientific Reports · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1038/s41598-024-79267-5 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research、Animal health and immunology、Gut microbiota and health

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a therapeutic modality for treating neonatal calf diarrhea. Several practical barriers, including donor selection, fecal collection, and a limited timeframe for FMT, are the main constraints to using fresh feces for implementing on-farm FMT. We report the utility of FMT with pretreated ready-to-use frozen (F) or freeze-dried (FD) microorganisms for treating calf diarrhea. In total, 19 FMT (F-FMT, n = 10 and FD-FMT, n = 9) treatments were conducted. Both FMT treatments were 100% clinically effective; however, multi-omics analysis showed that FD-FMT was superior to F-FMT. Machine learning analysis with SourceTracker confirmed that donor microbiota was retained four times better in the recipient calves treated with FD-FMT than F-FMT. A predictive model based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and area under the curve showed that FD-FMT was more discriminative than F-FMT of the observed changes in microbiota and metabolites during disease recovery. These results provide new insights into establishing methods for preparing fecal microorganisms to increase the quality of FMT in animals and may contribute to FMT in humans.